A Hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor formed by an abnormal collection of blood vessels. It is one of the most common tumors of infancy and usually appears within the first few weeks of life. Hemangiomas may occur anywhere in the body but are most frequently found on the skin of the face, scalp, neck, trunk, and limbs.

Most infantile hemangiomas undergo a natural life cycle consisting of:

• Proliferative Phase: Rapid growth during the first few months of life.
• Plateau Phase: Growth stabilizes.
• Involution Phase: Gradual shrinking and fading over several years.

Although many hemangiomas resolve spontaneously without treatment, some may grow large enough to interfere with normal function, depending on their location. Hemangiomas near the eyes, airway, mouth, joints, or spine may cause complications requiring medical attention.

Hemangiomas can also occur within muscles, bones, or internal organs. In rare cases, musculoskeletal hemangiomas may cause pain, weakness, movement limitations, or postural abnormalities.

Physiotherapy does not treat the hemangioma itself, but it plays an important role in managing associated functional impairments, developmental delays, muscle weakness, joint stiffness, and movement restrictions.

At Magnum Physiotherapy, we work closely with pediatricians, dermatologists, vascular specialists, and surgeons to provide comprehensive rehabilitation aimed at maximizing function and quality of life.

Types of Hemangioma

Infantile Hemangioma

The most common type, appearing shortly after birth and gradually regressing over time.

Congenital Hemangioma

Present at birth and may either regress rapidly or persist.

Intramuscular Hemangioma

Occurs within muscle tissue and may cause pain or functional limitations.

Spinal Hemangioma

Occurs within the vertebrae and is often discovered incidentally.

Deep Hemangioma

Located beneath the skin and may appear bluish in color.

Common Symptoms

Symptoms vary depending on the size and location of the hemangioma.

Skin Hemangiomas

• Red or bluish skin lesion
• Raised soft swelling
• Rapid growth during infancy
• Changes in skin color or texture

Functional Symptoms

• Restricted movement near joints
• Muscle weakness
• Pain or tenderness
• Difficulty with daily activities
• Postural abnormalities
• Delayed motor milestones in children

Causes & Risk Factors

The exact cause of hemangiomas is not fully understood, but several factors may increase the risk:

• Premature birth
• Low birth weight
• Female gender
• Multiple pregnancies (twins or triplets)
• Family history of vascular abnormalities

Hemangiomas are not caused by anything parents did during pregnancy.

Conditions Associated with Hemangioma

• Developmental Delays
• Joint Contractures
• Muscle Weakness
• Postural Dysfunction
• Functional Movement Limitations
• Vascular Malformations

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is usually based on clinical examination and medical imaging when required.

Investigations may include:

• Physical examination
• Ultrasound imaging
• MRI scans
• CT scans
• Doppler studies

At Magnum Physiotherapy, we assess the impact of the hemangioma on movement, posture, and function.

Rehabilitation at Magnum Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy is recommended when hemangiomas affect mobility, strength, posture, or motor development.

Pediatric Rehabilitation Programs

• Developmental Motor Training
• Range of Motion Exercises
• Strengthening Exercises
• Balance and Coordination Training
• Functional Mobility Training
• Play-Based Therapy
• Parent Education Programs

Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation

• Stretching Exercises
• Postural Correction
• Gait Training
• Functional Rehabilitation
• Activity Modification

Post-Surgical Rehabilitation

For patients undergoing surgical treatment, physiotherapy may help with:

• Scar management
• Mobility restoration
• Strength recovery
• Functional training

Benefits of Physiotherapy

• Improves movement and mobility
• Enhances muscle strength
• Supports normal motor development
• Improves posture and balance
• Prevents joint stiffness
• Enhances functional independence
• Facilitates post-surgical recovery
• Improves quality of life

Prognosis

Most infantile hemangiomas gradually shrink and resolve over time. The prognosis is generally excellent, especially when monitored and treated appropriately. Early rehabilitation can help minimize functional limitations and support optimal development.

Why Choose Magnum Physiotherapy?

At Magnum Physiotherapy, our pediatric and rehabilitation specialists provide individualized, evidence-based care for children and adults with movement limitations related to hemangiomas. Through advanced rehabilitation techniques and family-centered care, we aim to maximize function, independence, and long-term well-being.